Kiribati

Nikumaroro (part of the Phoenix Group)

Nikumaroro was colonized in 1938, by I Kiribati under the leadership of Koata of Inotoa, as part of the Phoenix Islands Settlement Scheme, a plan developed by Harry Maude of the Western Pacific High Commission to solve the problem of rapidly growing population in southern Kiribati. The colony lasted until 1963, and has a fascinating history in its own right, but for an Earhart afficianado what's especially interesting is that the colonists found bones on the island, which may have been Earhart's, in 1940.
For various reasons, we think that the famous American aviator Amelia Earhart, who mysteriously disappeared en route to Howland Island in 1937, may have landed and died on Nikumaroro. Earhart's fate is the subject of continuing fascinated speculation by aviation historians.