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Mauke consists of a central
volcanic plateau which climbs to a maximum height of about 30 metres. It
is surrounded by a raised, fossilised coral reef -- 'makatea' --
which ranges from about 100 metres from the shoreline to about 1000 metres
inland.
There are no rivers so
rainwater which falls inland drains into swamps on the inner rim of the 'makatea'
and thence underground to the lagoon, similar to Mangaia.
The lagoon is very short and you get a good close-up of spectacular waves
smashing on the surrounding reef.
There are no sealed roads; they are topped with
crushed coral sand, much like Rarotonga's roads in the 1950s before the
advent of international jets, resort hotels and tourists. As in Aitutaki,
there are no dogs. However, wild pigs are prolific. Even the ubiquitous
wild roosters are well adjusted compared with their dysfunctional cousins
in Rarotonga who start crowing at 10pm and go right through the night as
well as most of the next day.
Mauke is a garden island, extremely verdant and
fertile with magnificent hardwood trees in its interior. These forests are
where the 'maire' bush is found growing wild, the source of a thriving
export industry to Hawai'i where the leaves are used to make welcoming
'leis' -- garlands. Each week, the island gets an order from Hawaii and
the women head into the interior at the weekend to pick enough 'maire'
leaves to be airfreighted out on Monday. The village roads are tidy and
well-maintained with low white coral walls at the front boundary of the
houses. On the way in from the airstrip at the north-west corner of the
island the first village is Kimiangatau.
Just before the
small hospital lies the derelict house of Julian Dashwood, the flamboyant
English writer who arrived in the Cook Islands in the 1930s. He worked in
Mangaia and Manihiki and eventually moved to Mauke where he married a
local girl and ran a store.
Dashwood wrote sensitively and evocatively about
the Cook Islands in magazines and books under the pseudonym Julian Hillas.
He later had a short but eventful career as a Minister in the first Cook
Islands Government in the 1960s, but resigned after being convicted on
corruption charges. He died shortly afterwards in 1970. His grave lies
beside his wife's, Kopu, in the garden behind the house, close to the road.
The spacious house is now a ruin, the half-acre garden overgrown with
weeds. The high-ceilinged rooms contain remnants of furniture, a wind-up
gramophone, bedsteads and small cupboards.
It is not hard to imagine, however, what the
homestead would have looked like in its heyday in the 40s and 50s. Rows of
huge hibiscus bushes surrounded by cropped green lawns and the massed
flowerbeds blazing with color under the big, shady trees. Here Dashwood
would have entertained his guests and played the role of lord of the manor
in the South Seas.
Near the junction of Ngatiarua and Areora
villages is the huge Zion church which is Mauke's largest and most
idiosyncratic structure. The Maukeans call it the 'divided church' because
it was built as a place of worship to be shared between two villages. The
pulpit is in the centre of the huge nave and the congregation sits on
whichever side has been designated for them. At the front of the pulpit,
which is in a low railed enclosure, are embedded nine silver Chilean coins
which were common currency in the central Pacific in the nineteenth
century. Often referred to wrongly as Chilean dollars, there are eight
Chilean pesos dated between 1870 and 1881. The ninth coin is an
unidentified 'sol' with the inscription: 'Firme y Feliz por la Union'.
The central south area of Mauke is quite open. If
it were not for the occasional coconut palm, the landscape could almost be
rural European. The old airstrip was in the interior and the tropical
hardwoods which previously flourished there were cleared to make way for
the runway. Now it looks like an overgrown paddock and cattle graze on it.
Mauke has a special atmosphere. Its people cleave
to the old customs of hospitality -- the 'ui tupuna' -- and they are very
friendly to visitors. People from overseas need to adjust to a different
pace and style. Shops are few and far between, are often closed and the
range of goods on offer is limited. There are no cafés or restaurants,
milk has to be bought in powder form in cans and fresh home baked bread
comes from an old gentleman in Ngatiarua village who bakes loaves in a
wood-fired oven. Probably the best way to explore Mauke
is by rented bicycle. The coral roads are deserted and peaceful. A day
spent cycling slowly round the circumferential road is an absolute delight.
The road curves gently through the coconut palms and hardwood trees.
Every so often a
small, sandy beach comes in sight bordered by rocky outcrops. In the
vegetation bordering the track you will find growing wild the 'nono'
tree whose fruit is now the darling of the health food industry in the USA
and is being touted as a cure-all for every imaginable ailment. Also
called the Indian mulberry, it is an ancient Cook Island herbal medicine.
Its botanical name is Morinda citrifolia.
Mauke has an impressive pre-history. There are at
least 11 sites which could be described as 'marae'. This word has a
different meaning to its counterpart in New Zealand. In Mauke it refers to
a ceremonial structure similar to those found in eastern Polynesia.
Usually, 'marae' contain prepared structures with paving, stone walls or
platforms and have a 'tapu' or sacred quality. On Mauke the word applies
to sites associated with ancestors. However, the people did not build the
same type of large stone structures found elsewhere in the southern Cooks
and in Tahiti and the Society Islands. For
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